The Chair was represented at the 24th international conference Economics and Security which took place in Volos (Greece) on 8 and 9 July 2021.
Organised by Christos Kollias (University of Thessaly), Paul Dunne (University of Cape Town) and Paschalis Arvanitidis (University of Thessaly) in Volos, Greece, the 24th international conference Economics and Security was the occasion for the presentation of some thirty papers and a high quality discussion between specialists from all over the world (United States, United Kingdom, France, Spain, Germany, Italy, Greece, Norway, Netherlands, China, etc.).
For over 20 years, this annual international conference has provided an opportunity for economists and researchers from all over the world to present their work in the field of defence, security and peace economics.
For several years now, researchers from the Chair have been taking part in this event, which provides an opportunity to cover different research themes in defence and security economics.
- Contribution from the Chair: the determinants of French arms exports
Jade Guiberteau, a research assistant at the Chair, presented an original piece of work (carried out in collaboration with Josselin Droff, a researcher at the Chair, and Julien Malizard, The aim of this project is to measure the determinants of France's arms exports between 1991 and 2019.
- The study was carried out using a original database constructed by the Chair team. The analysis is based on the use of a national source to define French arms exports, i.e. various reports to Parliament on French exports, rather than the traditional SIPRI source.
- Numerous results were presented on the determinants of France's export decisions and volumes. The traditional variables (distance or GDP per capita) have an expected effect on France's export decision and volume, i.e. negative and positive. Furthermore, France exports more easily and more to countries involved in an inter-state conflict. We also note that the effect of embargoes on the export decision is negative, particularly mandatory embargoes imposed by the United Nations.
Ultimately, the aim of this work is to highlight the existence of different conclusions depending on the source used to determine French arms exports.
- Contribution from the Chair: State preferences for combat aircraft in Europe
Josselin Droff presented a study, carried out in collaboration with Julien Malizard and Laure Noël, who is in charge of monitoring at the Chair, on national preferences. for fighter aircraft in Europe. This work is a continuation of a published article in spring 2021 by researchers in the Revue Historique des Armées.
- How are they built and evolve State preferences for combat aircraft in Europe over the period 1990-2019.
- A original database enables us to quantify changes or continuities through indicators such as fleet size, diversity and average age.
- The econometric model aims to estimate the share allocated by each country to the origin of the equipment (national construction, European cooperation, American or Soviet) depending on the characteristics of the fleet, the economic conditions and the strategic environment.
- The main results show that :
- Younger devices are, on average, associated with a higher proportion of devices produced on a national or cooperative industrial basis.
- The existence of a national defence technological and industrial base (DTIB) is associated with a higher proportion of aircraft produced on a national basis.
- Learning effects and the weight of history remain major determinants. The number of years of membership of the European Union is associated with a higher proportion of aircraft produced in cooperation. Being a former member of the Warsaw Pact is associated with a higher proportion of aircraft of Russian origin.
